Lesi sihloko sihloselwe kakhulu abangenisi abangenalo ulwazi oluningi ngokuthenga eShayina. Okuqukethwe kuhlanganisa inqubo ephelele yokuthola impahla eShayina, kanje:
Khetha isigaba semikhiqizo oyifunayo
Thola abahlinzeki baseShayina (ku-inthanethi noma ungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi)
Ukwahlulela ubuqiniso/ukuxoxisana/ukuqhathaniswa kwentengo
Beka ama-oda
Hlola ikhwalithi yesampula
Landela njalo ama-oda
Ukuthuthwa kwezimpahla
Ukwamukelwa kwezimpahla
1. Khetha isigaba semikhiqizo oyifunayo
Ungathola izinhlobo eziningi ze-imikhiqizo eShayinaKodwa, ungazikhetha kanjani izimpahla ozifunayo ezimpahleni eziningi kangaka?
Uma uzizwa udidekile ngokuthi yini ongayithenga, nansi eminye imibono:
1. Khetha into eshisayo ku-Amazon
2. Khetha izimpahla ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezinempahla enhle
3. Imikhiqizo enemiklamo eyingqayizivele
Kumthengisi omusha, asikukhuthazi ukuthi uthenge ukugcwala kwemakethe, izimpahla ezinkulu ezincintisanayo. Izimpahla zakho kufanele zikhange, lokho kuzokusiza ukuthi uqale ibhizinisi lakho lokungenisa kalula. Ungenza isinqumo ngokuya ngesimo sakho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo oyidingayo ivunyelwe ezweni lakini.
Izimpahla ngokuvamile azivunyelwe ukungeniswa:
imikhiqizo mbumbulu
imikhiqizo ehlobene nogwayi
izimpahla eziyingozi ezivuthayo neziqhumayo
imithi
izikhumba zezilwane
inyama
imikhiqizo yobisi
Uhlu Lwemikhiqizo Engeniswayo YaseShayina
2. Thola abahlinzeki baseShayina
Abahlinzeki baseShayina bahlukaniswe kakhulu: Abakhiqizi, izinkampani zokuhweba kanye ne-Sourcing Agent
Hlobo luni lwabathengi olufanelekela ukufuna abakhiqizi baseShayina?
Abakhiqizi bangakhiqiza imikhiqizo ngqo. Umthengi ohlela imikhiqizo ngobuningi. Isibonelo, uma udinga inani elikhulu lezinkomishi ezinezithombe zesilwane sakho sasekhaya, noma uma udinga nje izingxenye eziningi zensimbi ukuze uhlanganise umkhiqizo wakho -- khona-ke ukukhetha umenzi kuyisinqumo esihle.
Kuye ngobukhulu befektri. Izimboni ezahlukene zaseShayina zenza izinhlobo ezahlukene zemikhiqizo.
Amanye amafektri angakhiqiza izingxenye, kanti amanye angakhiqiza isigaba esisodwa kuphela sezikulufo ngaphakathi kwengxenye.
Hlobo luni lwabathengi abafanelekela ukufuna izinkampani zokuhweba zaseShayina?
Uma ufuna ukuthenga imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene ejwayelekile ngezigaba ezahlukahlukene, futhi inani lezinto ezidingekayo ngayinye lingelikhulu kakhulu, khona-ke ukukhetha inkampani yokuhweba kufanelekile kakhulu.
Iyini inzuzo yenkampani yokuhweba yaseShayina kunomkhiqizi? Ungaqala ibhizinisi lakho nge-oda elincane, futhi inkampani yokuhweba ngeke ibe nankinga yokuqala ikhasimende elisha nge-oda elincane.
Hlobo luni lwabathengi olufanele ukufunwaI-ejenti Yokuthola Izinto YaseShayina?
Umthengi ofuna imikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu
Umthengi onemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene edingekayo
Umthengi onezidingo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso
Ama-ejenti ochwepheshe bokuthola imikhiqizo eShayina ayazi ukuthi angawuthola kanjani umkhiqizo ongcono kakhulu ngokusebenzisa kahle ulwazi lwawo lobuchwepheshe kanye nezinsizakusebenza eziningi zabahlinzeki.
Ngesinye isikhathi i-ejenti yokufuna ulwazi echwepheshile ingasiza umthengi ukuthola intengo engcono kunefektri futhi yehlise inani elincane le-oda.
Isizathu esibaluleke kakhulu ukuthi kuzokusiza wonge isikhathi esiningi.
Uma ufuna umhlinzeki wohlobo lomkhiqizi/wenkampani yokuhweba,
kungadingeka usebenzise ezimbalwaAmawebhusayithi okuthengisa ngobuningi aseShayina:
I-Alibaba.com:
Enye yamawebhusayithi athengiswa ngobuningi eShayina inguqulo yamazwe ngamazwe ka-1688, enemikhiqizo eminingi kanye nabaphakeli, qaphela ukuthi ungakhethi abaphakeli mbumbulu noma abangathembekile.
I-AliExpress.com:
Kunabantu abaningi kanye nezinkampani zokuhweba esigabeni sabathengisi, ngoba akukho oda elincane, ngezinye izikhathi kulula ukuthenga ukudla, kodwa kufanele ube nesikhathi esinzima ukuthola abakhiqizi abakhulu ngoba banesikhathi esilinganiselwe sokusingatha ama-oda amancane kangaka.
I-DHgate.com:
Iningi labahlinzeki yizimboni ezincane neziphakathi nendawo kanye nezinkampani zokuhweba.
Made-In-China.com:
Iningi lezindawo zokuthengisa ngobuningi ziyizimboni nezinkampani ezinkulu. Azikho ama-oda amancane, kodwa aphephile.
I-Globalsources.com:
I-Globalsource ingenye yamawebhusayithi athengiswa ngobuningi eShayina, kulula ukuyisebenzisa futhi ikunikeza ulwazi mayelana nemibukiso yezohwebo.
I-Chinabrands.com:
Ihlanganisa ikhathalogi ephelele, futhi imikhiqizo eminingi inezincazelo ezibhaliwe. Inani elincane le-oda lingaphansi kwengxoxo phakathi komthengi nomthengisi. Akukho mkhawulo oqondile enanini elincane le-oda.
I-Sellersuniononline.com:
Imikhiqizo yaseShayina engaphezu kuka-500,000 kanye nabahlinzeki abangu-18,000 kusayithi lokuthengisa ngobuningi. Baphinde banikeze isevisi yama-ejenti okuthola izimpahla eShayina.
Sibhale ngokuthi “indlela yokuthola abahlinzeki abathembekile eShayina"Ngaphambi kwalokho,Uma unesithakazelo emininingwaneni, chofoza nje.
3. Thenga imikhiqizo
Uma ukhethe abahlinzeki abaningana baseShayina ababukeka bethembekile esinyathelweni sokugcina, sekuyisikhathi sokubacela izingcaphuno zabo bese ubaqhathanisa.
Ngaphambi kokuthi uqhathanise amanani, udinga okungenani abahlinzeki abangu-5-10 ukuze bakunikeze amanani. Labo bangoba wena uhlaziye intengo yokulinganisa. Isigaba ngasinye somkhiqizo sidinga okungenani izinkampani ezingu-5 ukuze uziqhathanise. Izinhlobo eziningi ozidingayo ukuthenga, isikhathi esiningi osidingayo sokuchitha. Ngakho-ke, seluleka umthengi odinga izinhlobo eziningi zezimpahla ukuthi akhethe i-ejenti yokuthenga eShayina. Bangongela isikhathi esiningi. Ngingathanda ukuncoma inkampani enkulu kunazo zonke ye-ejenti yokuthenga e-Yiwu - i-Sellers Union.
Uma bonke abaphakeli obatholile bekunikeze intengo efanelekile, lokho kuhle, kusho ukuthi wenze umsebenzi omuhle esinyathelweni sokugcina sokuthola. Kodwa okwamanje, kusho futhi ukuthi asikho isikhala esiningi sokuxoxisana ngentengo yeyunithi.
Masigxile kakhulu ekhwalithini yomkhiqizo
Kunezizathu eziningi uma intengo inomehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalaba baphakeli. Kungaba khona umphakeli oyedwa noma ababili abazama ukwenza imali eningi ngayo, kodwa intengo iphansi kakhulu, futhi kungaba yikhwalithi yomkhiqizo ukuze kuncishiswe izindleko. Ekuthengweni kwemikhiqizo, intengo akuyona yonke into, kumele ukhumbule lokhu.
Okulandelayo, hlukanisa izingcaphuno ozithandayo kanye nalezo ongazithandi.
Ingabe izingcaphuno ezingakuthandi ziba udoti emgqonyeni wokusebenzisa kabusha? Cha, empeleni ungazi ulwazi olwengeziwe lwemakethe ngokubabuza imibuzo ethile, njengokuthi
- Ingabe uyifektri noma inkampani yokuhweba, noma i-ejenti yokuthenga
- Yimiphi imishini oyisebenzisayo ukwenza imikhiqizo yakho
- Ingabe ifektri yakho inesitifiketi sekhwalithi salo mkhiqizo?
- Ingabe ifektri yakho inomklamo wayo? Ingabe kuzoba nezinkinga zokwephulwa komthetho?
- Intengo yemikhiqizo yakho iphakeme kakhulu kunentengo yemakethe. Ingabe kukhona isizathu esikhethekile?
- Intengo yemikhiqizo yakho iphansi kakhulu kunentengo yemakethe. Kuhle lokho, kodwa ingabe kukhona isizathu esikhethekile? Ngiyethemba ukuthi akungenxa yokuthi izinto ozisebenzisayo zihlukile kwezinye izinto.
Inhloso yalesi sinyathelo ukuthuthukisa ukuqonda kwakho ngemakethe, okuhlanganisa izinto zokwakha, izizathu zokwehluka kwamanani, njll.
Qedela lesi sinyathelo ngokushesha okukhulu, thola ulwazi olufunayo, ungachithi isikhathi esiningi kuso, usenomsebenzi omningi okufanele uwenze.
Ngemva kokuqeda lokhu, sibheka emuva ezingcaphunweni zethu ezithakazelisayo.
Okokuqala, yiba nesineke futhi ube nenhlonipho kubaphakeli bakho ngokunikeza isevisi yekhotheshini mahhala (lokhu kusiza ukuvala ubuhlobo) futhi uqinisekise ukuthi izinto ezisetshenzisiwe yilokho okulindelekile ngempela.
Ungababuza
"Sihlola zonke izingcaphuno esizitholile, amanani akho awancintisani kakhulu, ungasitshela ngezinto zakho zokwakha kanye nomsebenzi wakho?"
"Silangazelela ukubambisana futhi sithemba ukuthi ungasinika intengo engcono kakhulu. Vele, lokhu kusekelwe ekwanelisekeni kwethu ngekhwalithi yamasampula."
Uma uthenga ungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi, udinga ukuvakashela abahlinzeki abaningi esizeni ukuze uqhathanise futhi ukhethe imikhiqizo engabizi kakhulu. Ungabona ukuthinta insimu ebonakalayo, kodwa awukwazi ukubhala phansi ukuqhathanisa okuqondile, engqondweni. Lokhu kudinga ulwazi olukhulu. Futhi ngisho nokuthola ukuthi umkhiqizo ofanayo emakethe ubukeka kanjani, ungahluka ngemininingwane emincane. Kodwa futhi, buza okungenani izitolo ezi-5-10, futhi ungakhohlwa ukuthatha izithombe nokurekhoda amanani omkhiqizo ngamunye.
Ezinye izimakethe ezidumile zaseShayina ezithengisa ngobuningi:
Idolobha Lokuhweba Lamazwe Ngamazwe laseYiwu
Imakethe Yezingubo zaseGuangzhou
Imakethe yamathoyizi eShantou
Imakethe Ye-elekthronikhi yaseHuaqiangbei
4. Beka ama-oda
Halala! Usuqede ingxenye yenqubo.
Manje, udinga ukusayina inkontileka nomhlinzeki ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo kanye nokulethwa ngesikhathi. Kungcono usho usuku lokulethwa kanye nendlela yokulethwa enkontilekeni: Isikhathi sokulethwa, Indlela yokulethwa, Iphakheji, Izindlela zokwamukela, indlela yokukhokha, ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi kanye nezindinganiso zokwamukela, okuningiliziwe ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze ucabange ngazo zonke izimo ezingaba khona, uma kwenzeka.
5. Hlola ikhwalithi yesampula
EShayina, kunabantu nezinhlangano ezihlola ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo yamakhasimende. Singababiza ngokuthi abahloli.
Umhloli ochwepheshe uzokwenza ukuhlolwa kokuqala ngaphambi kokukhiqiza, ngokuvamile ehlola:
Izinto zokusetshenziswa, imikhiqizo eqediwe kancane, amasampula noma amasampula okwaneliseka kwamakhasimende kanye nemishini yokukhiqiza kanye nama-workshop, khumbula ukugcina amasampula ukuze aqinisekiswe okokugcina ngemva kwalokhu kuhlolwa, uqale ngesigaba sezinto zokusetshenziswa ukuze ugweme ukulahlekelwa okukhulu ngenxa yezinto zokusetshenziswa.
Kodwa! Hlola kanye kuphela, awukwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi bazothumela izinto zakho zokusetshenziswa kwamanye amafektri, ikhwalithi yabasebenzi kanye nendawo yefektri kungenzeka ingahlangabezani nezidingo zakho, ngakho-ke uma ungakwazi ukwenza ukuhlolwa okuvamile, kungcono ukuphathisa i-I-ejenti yaseShayinaukukwenzela lo msebenzi.
Landela ama-oda akho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kuhamba kahle, khombisa ukuthi ufuna ukuqonda isimo somkhiqizo ngevidiyo noma izithombe ezibukhoma.
Qaphela: Akuwona wonke amafektri azosebenzisana nawe ukuqedela lo msebenzi.
6. Ukuthumela izimpahla ezivela eShayina
Amagama amane okumele uwaqonde ukuze uthumele imikhiqizo esuka eShayina iye ezweni lakini: EXW; FOB; CFR kanye ne-CIF
EXW: I-Ex Works
Umhlinzeki unesibopho sokuba nomkhiqizo otholakalayo futhi olungele ukulethwa uma uphuma efektri.
Umthwali noma umthumeli wezimpahla unesibopho sokwamukela izimpahla ezivela ngaphandle kwefektri ziye endaweni yokugcina yokulethwa.
I-FOB: Mahhala Ebhodini
Umhlinzeki unesibopho sokuthumela izimpahla echwebeni lokulayisha. Kuleli qophelo, umthwalo wemfanelo udluliselwa kumthumeli wezimpahla kuze kube sezingeni lokugcina lokulethwa.
I-CFR: Izindleko kanye Nempahla
Kulethwa emkhunjini echwebeni lokuthunyelwa. Umthengisi ukhokha izindleko zokuthutha izimpahla ziye echwebeni eliqanjwe igama lazo.
Kodwa ingozi yezimpahla idlulela ku-fob echwebeni lokuthunyelwa.
I-CIF: Umshwalense Wezindleko kanye Nempahla
Intengo yezimpahla ihlanganisa imithwalo evamile esuka echwebeni lokuthunyelwa iye echwebeni okuvunyelwene ngalo kanye neprimiyamu yomshuwalense okuvunyelwene ngayo. Ngakho-ke, ngaphezu kwezibopho zesikhathi se-CFR, umthengisi kufanele aqinisekise izimpahla zomthengi futhi akhokhe iprimiyamu yomshuwalense. Ngokuhambisana nomkhuba wokuhweba ojwayelekile wamazwe ngamazwe, inani lomshuwalense okufanele uqinisekiswe ngumthengisi lizoba ngu-10% kanye nentengo ye-CIF.
Uma umthengi nomthengisi bengavumelani ngesembozo esithile, umthengisi uzothola kuphela isembozo esincane, futhi uma umthengi edinga isembozo esengeziwe somshuwalense wempi, umthengisi uzohlinzeka ngesembozo esengeziwe ngezindleko zomthengi, futhi uma umthengisi engakwenza lokho, umshwalense kumele ube semalini yenkontileka.
Uma uthatha izimpahla ngqo kumkhiqizi, sikholelwa ukuthi kungcono ukuqoka i-ejenti yakho noma umthumeli wezimpahla eShayina kunokuphathisa izimpahla ngqo kumkhiqizi.
Iningi labahlinzeki alikho kahle ekuphathweni kwe-supply chain, abajwayelene kakhulu ne-tracking link, futhi abazi okuningi mayelana nezidingo zokukhishwa kwezimpahla zamazwe ahlukene. Bahle kuphela engxenyeni ye-supply chain.
Kodwa-ke, uma wenza ucwaningo ngama-ejenti okuthenga eShayina, uzothola ukuthi ezinye izinkampani zizimisele ukuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo eziphelele zochungechunge lokuhlinzeka kusukela ekutholeni kuya ekuthumeleni. Izinkampani ezinjalo azivamile kakhulu futhi kungcono ukuthi wenze ucwaningo lwakho lapho ukhetha umhlinzeki/i-ejenti kwasekuqaleni.
Uma inkampani ingenza isevisi ephelele yochungechunge lokuhlinzeka ngempahla ngokwayo, khona-ke ibhizinisi lakho lokungenisa impahla kwamanye amazwe cishe ngeke lenze amaphutha.
Ngoba ababalekeli umthwalo wemfanelo kwenye inkampani uma kukhona okungahambi kahle. Kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi bazame ukuthola indlela yokuxazulula inkinga ngoba iyingxenye yomthwalo wabo wemfanelo.
Ukuthunyelwa akushibhile ngaso sonke isikhathi kunokuthunyelwa ngendiza.
Uma i-oda lakho lincane, ukuthutha ngendiza kungaba yisinqumo esingcono kuwe.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvulwa kweSitimela sase-Sino-European phakathi kweShayina neYurophu kuye kwehlisa kakhulu izindleko zokuhamba, ngakho-ke ukuhamba ngomkhumbi akuyona inketho edingekayo ngokuphelele, futhi udinga ukwenza isinqumo sokuthi iyiphi indlela yokuhamba ozoyikhetha ngokwezici ezahlukahlukene.
7. Ukwamukelwa Kwezimpahla
Ukuze uthole izimpahla zakho, udinga ukuthola amadokhumenti amathathu abalulekile: i-bill of lading, uhlu lokupakisha, i-invoyisi
Iphepha lokuthumela impahla -- ubufakazi bokulethwa
I-bill of lading iyaziwa nangokuthi i-BOL noma i-B/L
Idokhumenti ekhishwe ngumthwali eya kumthumeli eqinisekisa ukuthi izimpahla zamukelwe emkhunjini futhi sezilungele ukuthwalwa ziyiswe kumthumeli ukuze zilethwe endaweni eqokiwe.
NgesiNgisi esilula, kuyi-oda elisheshayo lezinkampani ezahlukene zempahla.
Ukuze umthumeli akunikeze, ngemva kokuletha inkokhelo yebhalansi, umthumeli uzokunikeza inguqulo ye-elekthronikhi yebhili lokulayisha, ungathatha izimpahla ngale vawutsha.
Uhlu lokupakisha -- uhlu lwezimpahla
Ngokuvamile uhlu olunikezwa umhlinzeki kumthengi, olubonisa ngokuyinhloko isisindo esiphelele, inani lezingcezu kanye nomthamo ophelele. Ungahlola izimpahla ngohlu lwamabhokisi.
I-invoyisi - ihlobene nezindleko ozokhokha
Khombisa inani eliphelele, futhi amazwe ahlukene azokhokhisa iphesenti elithile lenani eliphelele njengentela.
Lokhu okungenhla kuyinqubo yonke yokuthola impahla eShayina. Uma unesithakazelo sokuthi iyiphi ingxenye, ungashiya umlayezo phansi kwalesi sihloko. Noma usithinte nganoma yisiphi isikhathi - siyinkampani enkulu kunazo zonke ye-ejenti yokuthola impahla e-Yiwu enabasebenzi abangochwepheshe abangaphezu kuka-1200, eyasungulwa ngo-1997. Nakuba izinqubo zokungenisa ezingenhla ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu,Inyunyana Yabathengisiuneminyaka engama-23 yesipiliyoni, ujwayelene nazo zonke izinqubo zokusebenza. Ngesevisi yethu, engeniswe eShayina izoba ephephile, esebenza kahle futhi enenzuzo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-26-2021