Kia ora, he maha ngā wā ka rongo koe i ngā kupu "full container load" (FCL) me "less than container load" (LCL) i roto i te pakihi kawemai?
Hei kaumātuaKaihoko hoko mai i Haina, he mea nui kia mārama hōhonu, kia whakawhitiwhiti kōrero hoki i ngā ariā o te FCL me te LCL. Hei uho o ngā mahi kawe waka o te ao, ko te kaipuke te uho o ngā mahi kawe waka o te ao. E rua ngā rautaki kawe utanga rerekē a te FCL me te LCL. Mā te tirotiro hōhonu atu ki ngā huarahi e rua, ka uru atu ngā rautaki pakihi hei whakaiti i ngā utu, hei whakanui ake i te whai huatanga, me te whakatutuki i ngā hiahia o ngā kiritaki. Mā te keri hōhonu atu ki roto i ēnei momo kawe waka e rua, ka taea e mātou te whakarato pai ake ki ngā kiritaki me ngā otinga kawe waka kua whakaritea, me te whakatutuki i ngā hua kawemai pai rawa atu.
1. Te Whakamāramatanga o te FCL me te LCL
A. FCL
(1) Whakamāramatanga: Ko tōna tikanga he nui ngā taonga hei whakakī i tētahi ipu, neke atu rānei, ā, ko te rangatira o ngā taonga i roto i te ipu ko taua tangata anō.
(2) Tātaitanga utanga: Ka tātaitia i runga i te ipu katoa.
B. LCL
(1) Whakamāramatanga: E pā ana ki ngā taonga he maha ngā rangatira i roto i te ipu, e tika ana mō ngā āhuatanga he iti te rahinga o ngā taonga.
(2) Tātaitanga utanga: I runga i ngā mita pūtoru, me tohatoha te ipu ki ētahi atu kaikawemai.
2. Te Whakataurite i waenganui i te FCL me te LCL
| Āhuatanga | FCL | LCL |
| Te wā tuku | ōrite | Kei roto ko ngā mahi pēnei i te whakarōpū, te whakarōpū, me te tākai, e hiahia ana kia roa ake te wā |
| Te whakataurite utu | He iti iho i te LCL te nuinga o te wā | He roa ake i te pouaka kī tonu, ā, he nui ake te mahi e hiahiatia ana |
| Te nui o ngā utanga | E pā ana ki ngā utanga he nui ake i te 15 mita pūtoru te rahinga; | He pai mō ngā utanga iti iho i te 15 mita pūtoru |
| Teihana taumaha utanga | Ka rerekē i runga i te momo utanga me te whenua e haerea ana | Ka rerekē i runga i te momo utanga me te whenua e haerea ana |
| Tikanga tatau utu tuku | I whakatauhia e te kamupene kaipuke, tae atu ki te rahinga me te taumaha o te utanga | I whakatauhia e te kamupene kaipuke, i tatauhia i runga i ngā mita pūtoru o te utanga |
| B/L | Ka taea e koe te tono MBL (Master B/L) HBL rānei (House B/L) | Ka taea e koe te whiwhi HBL anake |
| Ngā rerekētanga o ngā tikanga whakahaere i waenga i te tauranga takenga mai me te tauranga ūnga | Me whakapōkai e ngā kaihoko te hua ka tukuna ki te tauranga | Me tuku e te kaihoko ngā taonga ki te whare putunga tirotiro tikanga, ā, mā te kaituku utanga e whakahaere te whakakotahitanga o ngā taonga. |
Kia mōhio: Ko te MBL (Master B/L) te pire uta matua, i tukuna e te kamupene kaipuke, e tuhi ana i ngā taonga i roto i te ipu katoa. Ko te HBL (House B/L) he pire uta wehe, i tukuna e te kaituku utanga, e tuhi ana i ngā taipitopito o te utanga LCL.
raro o te puka
He painga me he ngoikoretanga tō te FCL me te LCL, ā, ko te kōwhiringa ka whakawhirinaki ki ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te rahinga utanga, te utu, te haumaru, ngā āhuatanga utanga, me te wā kawe.
Ina whakaarohia ō hiahia tuku kaipuke, mā te mārama ki ngā rerekētanga i waenga i te FCL me te LCL ka āwhina i a koe ki te karo i ngā utu tāpiri.
3. Ngā Taunakitanga mō ngā Rautaki FCL me LCL i raro i ngā Āhuatanga Rerekē
A. E taunakihia ana kia whakamahia te FCL:
(1) Te nui o ngā utanga: Ina nui ake te rahinga katoa o ngā utanga i te 15 mita kūpiko, he pai ake te whiriwhiri i te kawe FCL me te whai hua. Mā tēnei ka kore e pakaru ngā taonga i te wā e kawe ana, ka whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te pakaru me te pōhēhē.
(2) Te aro ki te wā: Ki te hiahia koe kia tae wawe atu ngā taonga ki te ūnga, he tere ake te FCL i te LCL. Ka taea te tuku tika i ngā taonga ipu kī tonu mai i te wāhi uta ki te ūnga, me te kore e hiahiatia he mahi whakarōpū me te whakakotahi i te ūnga.
(3) Te motuhaketanga o ngā taonga: Mō ētahi taonga he āhuatanga motuhake, pērā i ngā mea pakarukaru, he pakarukaru, ā, he nui ngā whakaritenga taiao, ka taea e te kawe FCL te whakarato i te tiaki me te whakahaere pai ake i ngā āhuatanga taiao.
(4) Ngā penapena utu: Ina nui te utanga, ā, e taea ana e te tahua, he pai ake te tuku kaipuke FCL. I ētahi wā, he iti pea ngā utu FCL, ā, ka taea te karo i te utu tāpiri mō te tuku kaipuke LCL.
B. Ngā Āhuatanga e Tohutohutia ana kia Whakamahia te LCL:
(1) Te rahinga utanga iti: Mena he iti iho i te 15 mita kūpiko te rahinga utanga, he pai ake te utu mō te LCL. Kaua e utu mō te ipu katoa, engari me utu i runga i te rahinga tuturu o tō utanga.
(2) Ngā whakaritenga ngāwari: He nui ake te ngāwari o te LCL, inā koa he iti te rahinga o ngā taonga, he kore rānei e ranea hei whakakī i te ipu katoa. Ka taea e koe te tohatoha ipu me ētahi atu kaikawemai, ā, ka whakaitihia ngā utu tuku.
(3) Kaua e tere te wā: He roa ake te wā e pau ana mō te kawe i ngā taonga LCL nā te mea he mahi LCL, he mahi whakarōpū, he mahi tākai me ētahi atu mahi anō hoki. Ki te kore te wā e pā ki tēnei, ka taea e koe te whiriwhiri i te huarahi tuku taonga LCL e iti ake te utu.
(4) Ka marara ngā taonga: Ina tae mai ngā taonga mai i ngā kaiwhakarato Hainamana rerekē, he rerekē ngā momo, ā, me whakarōpū i te ūnga. Hei tauira, ko te hoko mai i ngā kaiwhakarato maha i roto iMākete o Yiwu, he pai ake te kōwhiringa LCL. Mā tēnei ka whakaiti i te wā rokiroki me te wā whakarōpū i te ūnga.
I te nuinga o te wā, ko te whiriwhiri i waenga i te FCL me te LCL ka whakawhirinaki ki ngā āhuatanga motuhake o te tuku me ngā hiahia pakihi takitahi. I mua i te whakatau, he mea pai kia kōrero taipitopito ki tētahi kaituku utanga, ki tētahi kamupene pono rānei.Kaihoko rauemi Hainamanakia mōhio ai koe ka whiriwhiria e koe te mea pai rawa atu mō ō hiahia. Nau mai kiwhakapā mai, ka taea e mātou te whakarato i te ratonga kotahi mutu pai rawa atu!
4. Ngā Tuhipoka me ngā Whakaaro
Tikina ngā mōhiohio mō te rahi o te hua i mua i te hokohoko kia tika ake ai te whakatau tata mō ngā utu tuku me ngā hua.
Kōwhiria i waenga i te FCL, i te LCL rānei i ngā āhuatanga rerekē, ā, me whakatau whakaaro nui i runga i te rahinga o ngā utanga, te utu me te hiahia kia tere.
Mā ngā kōrero o runga ake nei, ka taea e ngā kaipānui te mārama ake ki ēnei momo kawe utanga e rua.
5. Ngā Pātai Auau
Q: Kei te whakahaere au i tētahi pakihi iti rarahi o ngā hua hiko. Me whiriwhiri e au te FCL, te LCL rānei mō te kawe waka?
A: Mena he nui ake tō ota hua hiko, neke atu i te 15 mita pūtoru, he mea pai kia whiriwhiria te tuku FCL. Mā tēnei ka nui ake te haumarutanga o ngā utanga, ā, ka whakaitihia te tūponotanga o ngā kino pea i te wā e kawe ana. Ka tere ake hoki ngā wā tuku a te tuku FCL, ā, he pai mō ngā pakihi e aro nui ana ki ngā wā tuku.
Q: He tauira me ngā ota iti āku, he pai mō te tuku LCL?
A: Mō ngā tauira me ngā ota iti, he kōwhiringa ōhanga ake pea te tuku LCL. Ka taea e koe te tohatoha i tētahi ipu me ētahi atu kaikawemai, ā, ka tohatohahia ngā utu tuku. Ina koa he iti ake te rahinga o ngā taonga engari me kawe tonu ki tāwāhi, he kōwhiringa ngāwari, he whai hua hoki te tuku LCL.
P: Me whakarite taku pakihi kai hou kia tere te taenga mai o ngā taonga. He pai te LCL?
A: Mō ngā taonga e aro nui ana ki te wā, pērā i te kai hou, he pai ake pea te kawe FCL. Ka taea e te kawe FCL te whakaiti i te wā noho ki te tauranga, me te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te tukatuka tere me te tuku taonga. He mea nui tēnei mō ngā pakihi e hiahia ana kia mau tonu te hou o ā rātou taonga.
Q: He aha ngā utu tāpiri ka pā mai ki ahau mō te tuku LCL?
A: Ko ētahi atu utu ka uru pea ki te kawe kaipuke LCL ko ngā utu ratonga tauranga, ngā utu ratonga tari, ngā utu ota tuku, ngā utu whakahaere tauranga, me ētahi atu. Ka rerekē pea ēnei utu i runga i te ūnga, nō reira, i te wā e whiriwhiri ana koe i te tuku kaipuke LCL, me mārama koe ki ngā utu tāpiri katoa kia tika ake ai te whakatau tata mō te utu kaipuke katoa.
P: Me tukatuka aku taonga ki te wāhi e tukuna atu ai. He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te FCL me te LCL?
A: Mena me tukatuka, me whakarōpū rānei ō taonga i te ūnga, tera pea ka nui ake ngā mahi me te wā e hiahiatia ana mō te tuku LCL. He māmā ake te tuku FCL, me tākai te hua e te kaihoko ka tukuna ki te tauranga, engari ko te tuku LCL me tuku pea ngā taonga ki tētahi whare putunga e tirotirohia ana e te tikanga, ā, mā te kaituku utanga e whakahaere te LCL, me te tāpiri i ētahi atu mahi.
Te wā tuku: Hui-tanguru-01-2024